on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

In the context of financial markets, supervision by supervisory authorities established by law. The primary objective of supervision is to ensure the functioning and stability of the financial sector by protecting creditors while observing market principles. – The benefits of supervision must be set against its costs, because supervision ties up scarce resources both on […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

It must be ensured that a member of the supervisory board in a company in the financial sector is knowledgeable and reliable. This is because it has been shown in many failures and bankruptcies that the members of the relevant institution have proved incapable of monitoring the management of the board of directors. The supervisory […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

In the broadest sense – and thus also in tax law – all expenses or payments of a company, a private household or a public body incurred in a period of time for certain projects. – The costs incurred for a specific business errand, in old documents also called effort money and colloquially as well […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Unless otherwise defined, the risk of systemic risk arising from the transmission of difficulties at a failing institution to other banks and to the financial market as a whole. – Direct contagion effects arise as a result of contractual relationships with insolvent institutions. They necessitate write-downs on receivables from the insolvent institution, or there is […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Money appropriated (by a public treasury; by a bank) may only be used for the purpose for which the payment was made. Use for other purposes is not permitted. – See earmarking. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only be used for private purposes without express consent! University Professor Dr. Gerhard […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

In general, the production result for a given labor input. There are various methods of measurement. Central banks generally calculate: gross domestic product at constant prices divided by the total number of employees or hours worked. The ECB continuously monitors labor productivity under the two-pillar principle and calculates and statistically reports it as value added […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Bringing the holdings of a particular security in a portfolio to a desired number of units by buying or selling. – See Still Business, Odd Lot. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only be used for private purposes without express consent! University Professor Dr. Gerhard Merk, Dipl.rer.pol., Dipl.rer.oec. Professor Dr. Eckehard […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Planned clearing currency (initially planned as a basket currency similar to the ECU) of Asian countries as a precursor to a later single currency in Asia, at least within the Asian Free Trade Area. In the longer term, the ACU could join the USD and EUR – see Globo, Terra. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

In the commodity futures market said of well-funded futures traders who buy contracts on a larger scale. – If, on the other hand, these strong hands sell commodity futures contracts, this is called a dsitribution era. – See position, weak, futures contract, futures speculator. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

In Germany, a working group set up by the Federal Financial Supervisory Authority and the Deutsche Bundesbank to facilitate the implementation of Basel II at banks. – See Committee mania, Leaning against the wind, Straitjacking. – Cf. 2004 Annual Report of BaFin, p. 95 f., BaFin’s 2007 Annual Report, pp. 95 ff (risk-oriented supervision in […]