on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

A payment which, according to special circumstances, must be made in addition to a sum already paid. – In the case of coins and medals, the strike value. – In stock exchange trading, generally the difference between the nominal value and the higher market value of a security, expressed as a percentage of the nominal […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

In financial markets, the activities of supervisory authorities aimed at ensuring the stability of the financial system as a whole. Specifically, this includes, above all, the identification, assessment and mitigation of systemic risks. These have been shown to depend on the overall behavior of institutions and their interconnectedness, as well as on the interplay between […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Unless otherwise defined, this refers to the delineation of supervisory powers between the Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht and the Deutsche Bundesbank, most recently revised as of February 1, 2008. – See Banking Supervision, European, – Cf. BaFin Annual Report 2007, p. 111 ff. (outlining the individual areas of responsibility), BaFin Annual Report 2010, p: 144 (new […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

The official reassessment of the comparative value of a currency – upwards – in relation to an underlying benchmark, such as gold, USD, Special Drawing Right or a basket of currencies. – This is always the case when the exchange rate of a currency has been above the previously determined exchange ratio for a longer […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

A letter sent by a financial services provider to potential customers announcing a telephone call (a personal call by an employee). The supervisory authority considers this procedure to be prohibited cold calling. – Cf. BaFin Annual Report 2007, p. 146 (focus tests also on this form of cold calling). – See Advance letter, relationship management, […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Unless otherwise defined, the ratio of borrowed capital to the total capital of a company or industry calculated according to certain rules; the borrowing ratio: the percentage of total assets financed by a company’s creditors. A higher ratio shows that there is larger amount of other’s money being used in an attempt to generate profits). […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

The amount of labor required to produce a unit of output. In economic terms, it is calculated as the ratio (division result) of labor hours to gross domestic product. It is the reciprocal of labor productivity. – See capital ratio. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only be used for private […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

In general, the exploitation of different prices in the simultaneous purchase (sale) of financial instruments or commodities – on the same exchange (intra-market transactions) or on different markets or exchanges and currency areas (inter-market transactions), – in different contract months, – between cash and futures markets or – of different but related commodities (in general: […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Trade agreement between China and ten Asian countries that came into force at the beginning of 2010. The agreement provides for the elimination of tariffs and the favoring of reciprocal investments. – The agreement is two-speed. Between China and the six countries that make up the Asean (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) trading bloc – […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Former name for the booking fee common in the financial world of the time, today called: activity fee, account maintenance charge. – A fee that used to be paid to the authorized official or notary when notarizing documents. – See Tax. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only be used for […]