on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Newer term for the following chain of effects: – the active part of a country’s population in the labor force declines sharply relative to the non-active part (declining birth rate, „burden caused by the elderly people“), – the overall tax burden of the workforce would have to be increased very sharply as a result, which […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

In the German retail trade, widespread until about 1950, not yet completely extinct and, according to economic history, a very old habit of mainly poorer private households to pay later for purchased goods. The financially weak, usually owner-operated retail businesses (retailers, grocers) – could not pay the wholesalers in cash, and – the wholesalers, for […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

A contractual provision that precludes the dilution of capital or makes it contingent on the consent of previous backers. Such provisions are often included in contracts where an individual investor or a venture capital firm injects venture capital into a start-up (antidilution provisions are frequently resorted to when a venture capital firm invests in a […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

A fee formerly due to the forest official for marking the trees to be felled when wood is delivered for building or heating purposes. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected by copyright and may only be used for private purposes without express consent! University Professor Dr. Gerhard Merk, Dipl.rer.pol., Dipl.rer.oec. Professor Dr. Eckehard Krah, Dipl.rer.pol. […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Generally, an economic hardship that persistently determines the living situation. It is usually distinguished an – absolute poverty (destitution), in which basic human needs such as water, food, clothing, shelter, health care and schooling (basic human needs which usually includes water, nutrition, clothing, shelter, health care and schooling) can not be satisfied. In another definition, […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Another term for the first-loss tranche in a securitization, also called equity tranche and junior tranche. – The extent to which this tranche can actually absorb a payment default first depends entirely on its thickness (the share of this tranche in relation to the pool as a whole), which is very often overlooked (and by […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

A body proposed several times in Germany that monitors the work of the chambers of auditors and has the right to issue instructions to them. According to these ideas, the quality control of the auditors is also the responsibility of the commission (and then no longer of the chambers). The purpose of Apak is to […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Unless otherwise defined, this is the amount carried forward from purchases and sales in a foreign currency (xeno currency) made by customers – mainly industrial companies, insurance companies and funds – at foreign exchange dealers: brokers and banks. This balance can be used under ordinary circumstances as a measure of buying pressure for a particular […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

In this case, banks do not immediately forward their customers‘ stock market orders, which may cause investors to suffer losses, especially during subscription deadlines. Therefore, immediate order routing is monitored by regulators. – See execution, immediate, best execution, collection time, latency. – Cf. 2001 Annual Report of the Federal Supervisory Office for Securities Trading, p. […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Unless otherwise defined, the ratio of a bank’s administrative burden to its operating income. The ratio is considered an important indicator for assessing the efficiency (ratio of costs to performance) and productivity (ratio of factor input to performance) of a bank. – It should be emphasized that this ratio always relates to past or current […]