on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

An agreement formally entered into prior to placement between the issuer of a bond and a group of purchasers (usually institutes) wherein special terms are set forth for the contracting parties (the formal agreement between a group of bondholders, regularly institutes, and the bond issuer containing special terms of the debt). – See issuance, subscription […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

A charge levied in earlier times on persons who wished to settle permanently within a (city) municipality or territory. – Fee for the admission of a new journeyman to a guild, also called Brudergeld, Heischgeld and Heischungsgeld (Heischung = here: admission to a guild). The amount of the fee was usually determined on a case-by-case […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

A committee of representatives of the relevant departments at the level of an individual bank or at the top level of the bank (Group management) that deals with the management of interest rate risk, develops relevant proposals and forwards them to the Board of Managing Directors. – See asset interest rates, actuary, investment committee, liquidity […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

The fact that in China and Europe, the gross return on investments will decline in the long term. This is because the shrinking workforce means that more capital is used, and the return on this capital thus falls. As a result, there is likely to be an automatic transfer of capital from the aging Western […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Share certificates issued by U.S. banks and representing shares in foreign companies (negotiable instruments issued by a U.S. bank and representing the shares that it has acquired in a foreign company listed on a non-US market). In this way, foreign shares can be traded via ADRs – on U.S. stock exchanges and (which is important […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

Unless otherwise defined, an interest rate swap that allows reductions in the notional principal amount to be made during the term of the swap (an interest rate swap with a decreasing notional principal amount). – See cap, contingent swap, money market segments, term premium, LIBOR spread, reversal, currency swap. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

The possibility for a supervisory authority to order an audit of a bank’s accounts by civil servant auditors, who are also assigned to the supervisory authority if possible, in cases of suspicion. This is common practice in many countries, but not possible in Germany, as there are no civil servant auditors (yet). Attention: The financial […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

In states with a compulsory foreign exchange economy, the duty of all residents who receive foreign means of payment (also as a gift) to surrender them immediately to the appropriate authority. – See export premium, exposure quota, foreign exchange exemption procedure, foreign exchange offense, forced exchange economy, sursat fee. Attention: The financial encyclopedia is protected […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

The obligation of citizens to accept the legal tender introduced by the state in the form of coins and notes. – See cash, validation, dollarization, cryptocurrency, money ownership, money functions, money reflux, capital flight, secondary currency, parallel currency, regional money, commodity money, currency, money by halves, means of payment, central bank money, cigarette currency. Attention: […]

on 2023/07/21 by alex1, []

The ratio of operating income (= the quantity of goods and services produced in a period valued in monetary terms; for an institution, roughly the sum of net interest income, net fee and commission income and net trading income) to risk-weighted assets. This ratio provides a clue (clew): an indication which guides one in solving […]